What happens when western anthropologists descend on the Amazon and make one of the last unacculturated tribes in existence, the Yanomami, the most exhaustively filmed and studied tribe on the planet? Despite their "do no harm" creed and scientific aims, the small army of anthropologists that has studied the Yanomami since the 1960s has wreaked havoc among the tribe – and sparked a war within the anthropology community itself.
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SECRETS OF THE TRIBE" compiled and directed by Brazilian filmmaker José Padilha, viewed at the Los Angeles Film Festival, LAFF, 2010A very thought-provoking documentary focusing on the interference of academic anthropologists in the life of an extremely primitive tribe in the Amazon jungle, the Yanomami, in ways that has threatened the very survival of these people. It is also about the squabbles, scandals, and venomous back-biting among these so-called social scientists, arguing over the authenticity of their "findings", with some soul-searching thrown in regarding the irreparable damage that has been inflicted on the people they are theoretically investigating in the name of "the advancement of science". One French anthropologist, a gay disciple of the famous French anthropological theoretician, Levi Strauss, spent 25 years among the Yanomami, apparently teaching the young boys of the tribe the fine points of European pedophilia. An American scholar went down to the Amazon and came back with a Yanomami wife with whom he has fathered three children who can't count past two — the highest number in the Yanomami language. However he was black-balled from the academic community and couldn't find a teaching job. (You ain't supposed to marry these people –you're just supposed to write papers about them ) — Made me shudder since I was once an "anthro" major myself! should be Required viewing for students of genocide.
The documentary portrays the complex web of relations around the discovery of indigenous rain forest tribe, the Yanomami, by Napoleon A. Chagnon. These relations of anthropologists of different schools, and their conflicts has ended in or added up to the total devastation of the members of the tribe, as a consequence of the method and the objective of Chagnon. Biological anthropologists, who in an attempt to critique the inaccurate representation of the Yanomani people as peaceful, develop the argument that the chances of transferring of genes (taken as the main motives of human 'subjects', the natives in this case) increases in war making tribes compared to more peaceful tribes. However, how can one prove this argument, especially when there is active interference of the anthropologists? Exchange of information and sexual favors with subsistence tools and diseases can leave an 'unacculturated' sphere, as the scientific approach requires?We are presented a picture of the inner workings of the relations of power between anthropologists of various schools.(structural anthropology and biological anthropology appear, not as opposite poles but dominant elements of a complex network) The ethics of anthropological research has been compramised; and the whole process of research has been devastating to the community. In short, this documentary presents a powerful critique of the practices of field work in the 60's and 70's, the disciplines relations with government/military complex and the question of the value of the anthropological knowledge over the lives of its subjects.
My knowledge of anthropology is limited to repeated watching of Bones, but I found this documentary to be extremely interesting.The fact that there is such disagreement among anthropologists makes it difficult to consider that they are truly scientists. It's somewhat akin to Psychology, where there are several right answers to every question.What was most amazing, however, was the actions of some of these scientists while they were out in the field. Studying a people is one thing, but apparently some are not content to do just that and started making changes in their lives. There were indications of pedophilia and even prostitution was introduced in some villages.The value of this film lies not in the anthropological facts, which are quite interesting, but in the discussion of behavior of anthropologists that went clearly over the line.
So what happens when the ethics and the methods of a anthropological scientist come into question? A bunch of academics slinging barbs at each other and trying to destroy each others' careers and it makes for a fascinating documentary. The field of anthropology made some great discoveries in the 60's and 70's when they came upon the tribe of Yanomami Indians in the Amazon; a tribe that had been untouched by civilization. From there various anthropologists spent time with the tribes and published all kinds of seminal papers and textbooks. Years later there came accusations of impropriety, including rape, paedophilia, and prostitution, calling into question all of the data gathered from the tribe, but also the anthropological community as a whole! It's essentially a talking heads documentary, but with a damn interesting subject matter. Highly Recommended!